Resistance of Different Fresh Maize Varieties to Sheath Rot and Control Effects of Biocontrol Agents on Disease

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.02.022

Abstract

Abstract: In order to definite the resistance of fresh maize varieties to maize sheath rot, the characteristics of disease distribution in different ecological niches sheath and control effects of biocontrol agent, the resistance of 15 main maize varieties in Fujian province to sheath rot were determined, and six maize varieties with different resistance levels were selected as research objects to definite the disease distribution in different sheath of maize varieties, and the control effects of 9 kinds of biocontrol agents on diseases in key sheath of “Shangpin” were investigated at milk ripening stage. The results showed that the number of the tested resistance maize varieties to sheath rot which showed the moderate resistance, moderate susceptibility and susceptibility were 5, 7 and 3, respectively. In Pingnan tested area under nature conditions and Fuzhou tested area under field conditions with artificial inoculation, the average disease index of 6 tested varieties including “Shangpin” (susceptible),“Jingkenuo 2000” (susceptible), “Tianguicuo 932” (susceptible), “Nongke 368” (middle susceptible), “Taixiantian No. 2” (middle resistant) and “Mintian 986” (middle resistant) , which from the first sheath up the ear to the third sheath below the ear, were 35.05, 44.75, 45.54 and 39.78, respectively, and the average disease index of other sheath ranged from 6.67 to 28.77. The severity of maize sheath rot in all ecological niches sheath of the 4 maize varieties (Except for "Shangpin" and "Tianguicuo 932") in Pingnan tested area and the 6 maize varieties in Fuzhou tested area displayed normal distribution (P＞0.05). The application of biocontrol agents could significantly inhibit sheath rot in susceptible variety "Shangpin". The control effects of fermented liquid of Bacillus subtilis T122F (8×10⁹CFU/mL) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciensNJ-1 (5×10⁹CFU/mL), diluted 20 and 50 times, were 46.37%, 44.78% and 44.03%, 41.06%, respectively. And the control effects of 40 billion gemmae/g water-soluble powder of B. subtilis, 100 billion gemmae/g water-soluble powder of B.amyloliquefaciens and 3 billion gemmae/g wettable powder of Bacillus methyltrophicum, diluted 500 times, were 44.25%, 36.81% and 46.26%, which slightly lower than that of 25% pyrazoletin EC (59.50%) and 12.5% flucyclozole SC (54.82%) of 150 μg/mL. Using biocontrol agents to prevent sheath rot showed a good application prospect. The results provided scientific basis for the green control of maize diseases.

Key words: fresh maize, maize sheath rot, resistance determination, ecological niche, biocontrol agent, biological control

CLC Number:

S476

RUAN Miaohong, ZHENG Xiuqing, GAN Lin, HUANG Weiqun, DAI Yuli, LAN Chenzhong, YANG Xiujuan. Resistance of Different Fresh Maize Varieties to Sheath Rot and Control Effects of Biocontrol Agents on Disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2024, 40(3): 652-660.

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