马铃薯疮痂病生防菌贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Apcs-1鉴定及促生防病特性

doi:10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2025.02.071

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 马铃薯疮痂病是由多种链霉菌Streptomyces spp. 引起的土传和种传病害，目前缺乏有效防控药剂。本研究筛选到1株对马铃薯疮痂病菌具有明显抑制效果的生防菌株Apcs-1，抑菌率达57.92%。经形态学、生理生化特性结合16S rRNA及gyrB基因序列分析，将其鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。Apcs-1抑菌谱广，可分泌蛋白酶及纤维素酶，可致病菌菌丝断裂，具有抗菌脂肽合成相关基因；发酵液稳定性测定发现，其抑菌活性受温度与pH变化影响较小，尤其适用于酸性环境。盆栽试验表明，Apcs-1发酵液对马铃薯植株的生长具有促生特性，与对照植株相比，发酵液处理后的马铃薯植株株高、鲜重和干重均有明显增加；在大田试验中，Apcs-1发酵液对马铃薯疮痂病防效为62.73%。综上，Apcs-1菌株对马铃薯疮痂病具有良好防治效果，具有较好的开发应用潜力。

关键词: 马铃薯疮痂病, 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌, 筛选鉴定, 生物防治, 促生作用

Abstract: Potato common scab, a soil- and seed-borne disease caused by various Streptomyces species, currently lacks effective chemical control agents. In this study, a biocontrol strain designated Apcs-1, with significant inhibitory activity against the pathogen, was screened and isolated, and the inhibition rate reached 57.92%. Based on morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization, as well as phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences, the strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis. Apcs-1 demonstrated a broad antibacterial spectrum and was capable of secreting protease and cellulase. It induced hyphal fragmentation of the pathogen and possessed genes involved in antimicrobial lipopeptide synthesis. Stability tests of its fermentation broth revealed that the inhibitory activity remained relatively stable under varying temperatures and pH conditions, with enhanced efficacy in acidic environment. Pot experiments demonstrated that the Apcs-1 fermentation broth promoted the growth of potato plants. Compared with the control group, treated plants showed significant increases in plant height, fresh weight and dry weight. In field trials, the fermentation broth provided a control efficacy of 62.73% against potato common scab. In conclusion, the Apcs-1 strain exhibits strong potential for controlling potato common scab and holds promise for future development and application.

Key words: potato common scab, Bacillus velezensis, screening and identification, biological control, growth promotion

中图分类号:

S476

王艳平, 张凯, 贾景丽, 郑玉宝, 贾立君, 赵静陶, 王凤鹭, 李乾, 毛海岩, 张崇, 杨宇, 吴元华. 马铃薯疮痂病生防菌贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Apcs-1鉴定及促生防病特性[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2025, 41(6): 1390-1402.

WANG Yanping, ZHANG Kai, JIA Jingli, ZHENG Yubao, JIA Lijun, ZHAO Jingtao, WANG Fenglu, LI Qian, MAO Haiyan, ZHANG Chong, YANG Yu, WU Yuanhua. Identification of Biocontrol Agent Bacillus velezensis Apcs-1 against Potato Common Scab and Its Characteristics of Growth Promotion and Disease Control[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2025, 41(6): 1390-1402.

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